A structural steelwork detail draughtsperson (detailer) must be able to identify and explain various welding connections on their drawings, which show steelwork components as they will appear in completed form.
In order to do this, the detailer must understand welding symbols and know how to convey information about the configuration of the joint members to be welded, the cross-sectional shape of the weld after the welding process, and the size and location of the weld. A thorough understanding of the various joint types and weld types used in the fabrication of steelwork structures is essential if the detailer is to produce useful, accurate drawings.
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Arrow:
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Welding symbol that identifies the location where the welding operation is to be performed
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Arrowhead:
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Symbol that indicates the extent of a dimension
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Base metal:
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Material to be welded
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Butt joint:
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Weld joint formed when two joint members, located approximately in the same plane, are positioned edge to edge
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Concave:
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Curved inward
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Contour symbol:
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Supplementary symbol indicated by a horizontal line or arc parallel to the weld symbol that specifies the shape of the completed weld
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Convex:
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Curved outward
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Corner joint:
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Weld joint formed when two joint members are positioned at an approximate 90° angle with the weld joint at the outside of the joint members
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Dimensions:
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Numerical values that give the size, form or location of objects; in welding, part of a welding symbol that specifies weld size, number and location
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Edge joint:
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Weld joint formed when the edges of two joint members are joined
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Filler metal:
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Metal deposited during the welding process
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Fillet weld:
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Weld type made in the cross-sectional shape of a triangle
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Groove weld:
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Weld type made in the groove of the pieces to be welded
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Lap joint:
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Weld joint formed when two joint members are lapped over each other
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Metal:
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Material consisting of one or more chemical elements having crystalline structure, high thermal and electrical conductivity, the ability to be deformed when heated and high reflectivity
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Plug weld:
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Weld type made in the cross-sectional shape of a hole in one of the joint members
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Rectangle:
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Plane figure that has opposite sides equal and four 90° angles
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Reference line:
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Part of the welding symbol that identifies the side of the joint to be welded
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Root surface:
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Surface of the weld on the opposite side of the joint on which welding was done
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Seam weld:
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Weld type produced by confining fusion of molten base metal using heat and pressure for a series of continuous or overlapping successive spot welds on joint members
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Slot weld:
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Weld type made in the cross-sectional shape of a slot (elongated hole) in one of the joint members
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Surfacing weld:
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Weld type in which weld beads are deposited on a surface to increase the dimensions of the part or to add special properties to the weld part
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Spot weld:
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Weld type produced by confining the fusion of molten base metal using heat and pressure without preparation to the joint members
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Square:
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Plane figure that has four equal sides and four 90° angles
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Stud weld:
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Weld type made by joining threaded studs with other parts using heat and pressure
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Supplementary symbol:
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Symbol used on welding symbol to further define the operation to be completed
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Surfacing:
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Applying filler metals that have similar characteristics to the base metal
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Tail:
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Part of a welding symbol included when a specific welding process, specification or procedure must be indicated
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T-joint:
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Weld joint formed when two joint members are positioned approximately 90° to each other in the form of a T
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Triangle:
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Three-sided plane figure
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Weld-all-round symbol:
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Supplementary symbol indicated by a circle at the intersection of an arrow and a reference line that specifies that the weld extends completely around the joint
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Weld contour:
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Cross-sectional shape of the completed weld face
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Weld face:
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Exposed surface of weld, bounded by the weld toes of the side on which welding was done
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Weld finish:
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Method used to achieve the surface finish
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Welding symbol:
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Graphic symbol that shows weld locations and specifications on detail drawings
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Weld joint:
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Physical configuration of the joint members to be joined
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Weld type:
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Cross-sectional shape of the filler metal after welding
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